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Mediterranean Sea sea surface temperature extreme variability mean and anomaly (observations)

'''DEFINITION'''


The OMI_EXTREME_SST_MEDSEA_sst_mean_and_anomaly_obs indicator is based on the computation of the 99th and the 1st percentiles from in situ data (observations). It is computed for the variable sea surface temperature measured by in situ buoys at depths between 0 and 5 meters. The use of percentiles instead of annual maximum and minimum values, makes this extremes study less affected by individual data measurement errors. The percentiles are temporally averaged, and the spatial evolution is displayed, jointly with the anomaly in the target year. This study of extreme variability was first applied to sea level variable (Pérez Gómez et al 2016) and then extended to other essential variables, sea surface temperature and significant wave height (Pérez Gómez et al 2018).


'''CONTEXT'''


Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of the essential ocean variables affected by climate change (mean SST trends, SST spatial and interannual variability, and extreme events). In Europe, several studies show warming trends in mean SST for the last years (von Schuckmann et al., 2016; IPCC, 2021, 2022). An exception seems to be the North Atlantic, where, in contrast, anomalous cold conditions have been observed since 2014 (Mulet et al., 2018; Dubois et al. 2018; IPCC 2021, 2022). Extremes may have a stronger direct influence in population dynamics and biodiversity. According to Alexander et al. 2018 the observed warming trend will continue during the 21st Century and this can result in exceptionally large warm extremes. Monitoring the evolution of sea surface temperature extremes is, therefore, crucial.

The Mediterranean Sea has showed a constant increase of the SST in the last three decades across the whole basin with more frequent and severe heat waves (Juza et al., 2022). Deep analyses of the variations have displayed a non-uniform rate in space, being the warming trend more evident in the eastern Mediterranean Sea with respect to the western side. This variation rate is also changing in time over the three decades with differences between the seasons (e.g. Pastor et al. 2018; Pisano et al. 2020), being higher in Spring and Summer, which would affect the extreme values.


'''KEY FINDINGS'''


The mean 99th percentiles showed in the area present values from 25ºC in Ionian Sea and 26º in the Alboran sea and Gulf of Lion to 27ºC in the East of Iberian Peninsula. The standard deviation ranges from 0.6ºC to 1.2ºC in the Western Mediterranean and is around 2.2ºC in the Ionian Sea.

Results for this year show a slight positive anomaly in the South-East of the Spanish Coast +0.7ºC) and the Ionian Sea (+0.6ºC), and a slight negative anomaly in the North-East of the Iberian Peninsula and Gulf of Lion (-0,8ºC), all of them inside the range of the standard deviation.


'''DOI (product):'''

https://doi.org/10.48670/moi-00267

Simple

Alternate title

OMI_EXTREME_SST_MEDSEA_sst_mean_and_anomaly_obs

Date (Creation)
2023-11-30
Edition

3.4

Edition date
2024-06-18
Identifier
ef932fc0-04e7-4a25-b7b2-08a2d85d4039
Credit

E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information

Custodian
  INS-IFREMER-BREST-FR - Sylvie POULIQUEN
Originator
  INS-PUERTOS-MADRID-ES - Begoña Pérez-Gómez
Point of contact
  INS-PUERTOS-MADRID-ES - Service Desk PUERTOS
Resource provider
  INS-PUERTOS-MADRID-ES - Marta de Alfonso
Distributor
  MOI-OMI-SERVICE - MOI-OMI-SERVICE
Maintenance and update frequency
Annually
Other

P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H

Maintenance note

N/A

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

  • Oceanographic geographical features
Discipline
  • in-situ-observation
Temporal scale
  • multi-year
Area of benefit
  • coastal-marine-environment
  • weather-climate-and-seasonal-forecasting
  • marine-safety
  • marine-resources
Reference Geographical Areas
  • mediterranean-sea
Processing level
  • N/A
Model assimilation
  • Not Applicable
Use limitation

See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php

Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
License
Other constraints

No limitations on public access

Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
cb7da3c2-9606-4f54-b6ea-344fd873385c
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
de9281be-92ca-49fe-b579-ceac95cd406f
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
0bbb01d5-1e66-4cb9-8023-149aaad9d3e0
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
document
Date (Creation)
2019-05-08
Association Type
Cross reference
Initiative Type
reference
Metadata language

eng

Topic category
  • Oceans
Description

bounding box

N
S
E
W
thumbnail


Begin date
2000-01-01
End date
2021-12-31

Vertical extent

Minimum value
0
Maximum value
0.0
Supplemental Information

display priority: 99999

Reference system identifier
EPSG / WGS 84 (EPSG:4326)
Number of dimensions
2
Dimension name
Row
Dimension name
Column
Cell geometry
Area
Transformation parameter availability
No
Distribution format
  • NetCDF-4 ( )

Distributor

OnLine resource
omi_extreme_sst_medsea_sst_mean_and_anomaly_obs ( WWW:STAC )

For accessing native data and Analysis-ready Cloud-optimized data services, consult this STAC metadata endpoint

OnLine resource
omi_extreme_sst_medsea_sst_mean_and_anomaly_obs ( OGC:WMTS )
Hierarchy level
Series

Conformance result

Date (Publication)
2010-12-08
Explanation

See the referenced specification

Statement

The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")

Attribute description
observation
Content type
Physical measurement
Descriptor

vertical level number: 1

Included with dataset
No
Feature types
Grid
File identifier
b170c336-b6f0-440e-9f03-f26b37a49d54 XML
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Series
Hierarchy level name

Copernicus Marine Service product specification

Date stamp
2024-06-13T09:37:49.533Z
Metadata standard name

ISO 19139, MyOcean profile

Metadata standard version

0.2

Point of contact
  CMEMS
http://marine.copernicus.eu/
 
 

Overviews

overview

Spatial extent

N
S
E
W
thumbnail


Keywords

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
Oceanographic geographical features
Model assimilation
Not Applicable

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Associated resources

Not available


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